Period of growth:- The neonatal period is the first four weeks of an infants life whether the baby was carried to term or born prematurely. It is a Tim of rapid change and development where patterns for infancy, like feeding and bonding, are development.
- 0 – 14 days (2 week) — Zygote (ovum).
- 3 – 8 weeks — Embryo.
- 9 weeks, still birth — fetus.
- First 28 day, of life — neonates / newborn early neonate first, First 7 days of life. Late neonates — 8 days to 28 days.
- 1 year of life — infants.
- 1 to 3 years — Toddler.
- 3 – 6 years — preschooler.
- 6 – 12 years — school going children. — 6- 10 years ( female). — 6- 12 years (male).
- 12 – 18 years — Adolescent.
Weight:- Average birth weight, 2.5 – 3.5 kg (2.9 kg ).
- There is loss of 10% of body weight in first weeks of life due to fluid loss, ( immature kidney) ( 80℅ waterin newborn), meconium excretion and digestive adaptation.
- Loss weight in regain in 10 days. Then weight gain is 25- 30 gm/ days for 6 months so weight double at 5- 6 months age. Then 15 gm/ day for next 6 month to 1 years.
- Birth weight, 2.5 kg.
- 2 times — 5 months.
- 3 times — 1 years.
- 4 times — 2 years.
- 5 times — 3 years.
- 7 times — 7 years.
- 10 times — 10 years.
Weight:-
- 1 months to 1 year — every months taken.
- 1 years to 2 years — every 2-2 months taken.
- 2 years to 3 years — every 3-3 months taken.
Height length measurement:- It’s the same as their height, but height is measure standing up, where as length is measured while your baby is lying down. The average length at birth for a full term baby is 19 to 20 inch (above 50 cm), but the range for most newborn is between 18 to 22 inches ( 45.7 to 60 cm).
- Length measure by infantometer or simple tape measure, ( supine position with extended leg).
- Average length at birth — 50 cm ( 45-55cm).
- 3 months — 60 cm.
- 9 months — 70 cm.
- 1 years — 75 cm.
- 2 years — 87-90 cm.
- 4-4.5 years — 100 cm ( double at birth).
- 13-15 years — Triplets (150 cm).
- Up to 6 months length increase 2.5 cm/ month ( 1 inch).
- 6 months to up to 12 months increase 1.5 cm/ month length trouble — 4 years. length tripple — 13 years.
Head circumference by age normal range:-
- At birth — 33-37 cm (35cm).
- 3 months — 40 cm 2 cm/ months for 3 months.
- 6 months — 43 cm ( 3-6 months 1 cm/ months).
- 1 year — 45 cm (6-12 months 0.5 cm/ months).
- 2 years — 48 cm (average 1 year 1 cm/ months).
- 12 years — 52 cm ( Equal to adult size) ( head circumference measure up to 3 years, because 90% development occur in this age).
Chest circumference:- Chest circumference was 31. 1 cm in boys and 31.0 cm in girls. Corroborating the finding of our study. Furthermore CC showed a high correlation ( r = 0. 752 ). With AC, Compered with other anthropometric parameters according to birth weight.
Mid arm circumference:- Mid arm circumference, (MAC) is an easy to obtain anthropometric measure as well as a good predictor of risk of imminent death, it has been used for monitoring the nutritional status of patient in emergency situations and recommended for the assessment of acute malnutrition in adults.
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By GS India Nursing……….!!