Ovulation is defined as-
A. Maturation of graafian follicle
B. Rupture of graafian follicle
C. Seepage of blood though vagina
D. Facilitate their maturation during embryonic development
Correct Answer: B. Rupture of graafian follicle
The release of a mature ovum (egg) from the Graafian follicle of the ovary into the fallopian tube (oviduct).
Detailed Explanation
Ovulation is a key event in the female menstrual cycle. Each month, under the influence of hormones—especially LH (Luteinizing Hormone)—a mature ovarian follicle ruptures and releases an ovum. This egg then enters the fallopian tube, where it may be fertilized by a sperm.
Important Points
• Occurs approximately 14th day of a 28-day cycle
• Triggered by LH surge
• Egg remains viable for 12–24 hours
• Necessary for fertilization and pregnancy
Simple Definition
Ovulation is the process in which the ovary releases a mature egg into the fallopian tube for possible fertilization.
Other Options Details
Here is the description of all the given options:
A. Maturation of Graafian Follicle
The Graafian follicle is the fully mature ovarian follicle that develops in the ovary during the menstrual cycle. It contains a mature ovum (egg). The process of maturation involves growth and nourishment of the ovum, formation of follicular fluid, and preparation for ovulation. Hormones such as FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) play a crucial role in this process. When the follicle matures completely, it becomes ready to release the egg.
B. Rupture of Graafian Follicle
When the Graafian follicle reaches full maturity, it bursts open and releases a mature ovum. This process is known as ovulation and usually occurs around the 14th day of a normal 28-day menstrual cycle. The released egg is then picked up by the fimbriae of the fallopian tube for possible fertilization. This rupture is stimulated mainly by a surge of LH (Luteinizing Hormone).
C. Seepage of Blood Through Vagina
This refers to menstruation, where blood and the uterine lining (endometrium) are shed through the vagina. It occurs if fertilization does not take place. The menstrual flow contains blood, mucus, and tissue from the uterus. It usually lasts 3–5 days and signals the beginning of a new reproductive cycle.
D. Facilitate Their Maturation During Embryonic Development
This statement refers to the role of gonad development and hormones during the embryonic stage. During fetal life, primordial germ cells develop into immature gametes— oogonia in females and spermatogonia in males. Several hormones and factors guide their growth, differentiation, and maturation to prepare them for future reproductive functions.
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Writer: Vandita Singh, Lucknow (GS India Nursing Group)