The constant phase in a maternal cycle is
A. Menstrual phase
B. Proliferative phase
C. Luteal phase
D. Ovulation phase
Correct Answer: C. Luteal phase
Explanation :-
The constant phase in the menstrual (maternal) cycle is the Luteal Phase.
Explanation
• The luteal phase is generally constant in duration, lasting about 14 days (usually 12–14 days) from ovulation to the start of menstruation.
• It does not vary significantly between women or cycles.
• In contrast, the follicular phase is variable and can differ depending on each cycle.
Why it is constant
After ovulation, the corpus luteum forms and secretes progesterone to prepare the endometrium for implantation.
If pregnancy does not occur, the corpus luteum degenerates after about 14 days, triggering menstruation
Final Answer
Luteal Phase
Other Options Deatails :-
Here is the description of all the given options:
A. Menstrual Phase
• This is the first phase of the menstrual cycle.
• It begins when the fertilized egg is not implanted, causing a drop in estrogen and progesterone levels.
• As a result, the endometrial lining of the uterus sheds, leading to bleeding (menstruation).
• Typically lasts 3 to 7 days.
• Average blood loss is 50–100 ml.
B. Proliferative Phase
• Also known as the Follicular Phase.
• Occurs after menstruation and before ovulation.
• The endometrium (uterine lining) rebuilds and thickens under the influence of estrogen.
• Follicles in the ovaries grow and mature, preparing for ovulation.
• Cervical mucus becomes thin and stretchy to help sperm movement.
C. Luteal Phase
• Occurs after ovulation and typically lasts 14 days.
• The ruptured follicle becomes the corpus luteum, which secretes progesterone.
• Progesterone makes the endometrium thick and ready for implantation.
• If pregnancy does not occur, the corpus luteum degenerates, hormone levels drop, and menstruation begins again.
D. Ovulation Phase
• Occurs around the 14th day of a 28-day cycle.
• Triggered by the LH surge (Luteinizing Hormone).
• The mature egg is released from the ovary into the fallopian tube.
• This is the most fertile period of the cycle.
• Some women may feel Mittelschmerz, a mild one-sided lower abdominal pain.
Summary Table
Phase Main Hormone Key Event
Menstrual ↓ Estrogen & Progesterone Shedding of uterine lining
Proliferative Estrogen Growth of follicles & endometrium
Ovulation LH surge Release of egg
Luteal Progesterone Endometrium prepared for implantation
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Writer: Vandita Singh, Lucknow (GS India Nursing Group)