Congestive Heart Failure, Definition of Congestive heart failure, Causes, Sign & Symptoms, Right & Left Ventricular failure, Complication & Management. (by GS India Nursing).

Definition of Congestive Heart Failure:- Heart failure or congestive heart failure is inability of the heart to pump adequate amount of blood to body due to any underlying cause. (OR)

” It is a physiological state in which heart is impossible to pump blood according to metabolic need. heart failure is not a disease but group of manifestations in which inadequate pump performance of heart that to pulmonary and systemic congestion.

Right ventricular failure or right side heart failure:-

Definition:- Right ventricular failure is inability of right ventricle to pump adequate blood in Pulmonary artery that supplies lungs.

Causes:-

  • Pleural effusion.
  • Pulmonary artery stenosis.
  • Pulmonary embolism.
  • Ventricular arrhythmia.
  • Right ventricle valves disorder.
  • Rheumatic heart disease.
  • Kidney Disease.
  • Ascites.

Symptoms:-

  • Dyspnea.
  • Pulmonary Crackles.
  • Oedema in extremities.
  • Fluid overload.
  • Cardiomegaly.
  • Distended juglar vein.
  • Ascites.
  • Oliguria.
  • Anorexia.
  • Weakness.
  • Nausea and vomiting.
  • Excessive restlessness.
  • Weight gain.
  • Hypoxia.
  • Tachycardia.
  • Shortness of breath.

Left ventricular failure or left side heart failure:-

Definition:- Left ventricular failure or left side heart failure is a condition characterized by inability of left ventricular to pump adequate blood into aorta that results lack of peripheral circulation.

Causes:-

  • Coronary artery disease.
  • Cardiomyopathy.
  • Blood pressure.
  • Anemia.
  • Atherosclerosis.
  • Arteriosclerosis.
  • Myocardial infarction.
  • Heart infection.
  • Myocarditis.
  • Endocarditis.

Symptoms:-

  • Hypertension.
  • Dyspnea.
  • Hypoxia.
  • Cyanosis.
  • Headache.
  • S3 cardiac sound.
  • Chest pain.
  • Diaphoresis.
  • Palpitation.
  • Tachycardia.
  • Tachypnea.
  • Noctiuria.

Complications:-

  • Pulmonary oedema.
  • Severe electrolyte imbalance.
  • Cerebral insufficiency.
  • Thromboembolism.
  • Liver damage.
  • Kidney damage.
  • Death.

Right and Left heart failure” Diagnosis of Heart Failure:-

  • History collection.
  • Physical examination.
  • Blood investigations.
  • ECG ( Electrocardiography).
  • BNP assey.
  • Cardiopulmonary exercise test.
  • Chest X-ray
  • Echocardiography.
  • CT Scanning.
  • MRI .

Management:-

Diuretics:- (|es preload), e. g, Furosemide, thiazide.

Positive intropic agent:- increase heart ability effectively.

Examples:-

Digoxin, Only effective in severe case of failure. Dopamine, Also improve renal blood flow. Vasodilators, Nitrates (previously described). ACE inhibitors, Angiotensim converter enzyme, Reduce after e, g. Captopril–15-25mg TDS Analapril.

Prevention:-

  • Stay active. Check with your doctor before starting an exercise routine.
  • Don’t use illegal drugs.
  • Treat heart and other conditions.
  • Don’t smoke and avoid exposure to second hand-smoke.
  • Eat a heart healthy diet that is low in sodium and fat.
  • Don’t drink alcohol or limit intake to no more than one drink two or three times a week.
  • Lose of weight if you need to.
  • Manage stress.

I hope that you liked this articles……..!!

Thanking you………!!

By GS India Nursing……….!!

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