Following are the complications of premature menopause except
A. Osteoporosis
B. Infertility
C. Decreased cardiovascular risk
D. Vasomotor symptoms
Correct Answer: C. Decreased cardiovascular risk
Explanation:-
Complications of premature menopause (early menopause) include many health problems.
If the question is “Following are the complications of premature menopause, EXCEPT”, the correct answer is usually:
EXCEPT: Decreased risk of cardiovascular disease
Common complications of premature menopause
Complication Explanation
Osteoporosis Low estrogen → rapid bone loss → increased fracture risk
Cardiovascular disease Estrogen protects the heart; early menopause increases heart attack & stroke risk
Infertility Ovaries stop producing eggs earlier
Vasomotor symptoms Hot flashes, night sweats, sleep disturbance
Psychological issues Depression, anxiety, mood changes
Urogenital atrophy Vaginal dryness, painful intercourse, urinary incontinence
EXCEPT (Not a complication)
Option Reason
Decreased cardiovascular risk Estrogen loss actually increases, not decreases cardiac risk
Final Answer
👉 Decreased cardiovascular risk is NOT a complication of premature menopause.
Other Options Details:-
Here is the explanation of all the options:
A. Osteoporosis
• Osteoporosis is a condition where the bones become weak, brittle, and more likely to break.
• It occurs due to decreased bone density.
• In women, it is commonly associated with menopause because of reduced estrogen levels, which are essential for maintaining bone strength.
• Common fracture sites include the wrist, hip, and spine.
B. Infertility
• Infertility refers to the inability to conceive a child after one year of regular, unprotected sexual intercourse.
• It may occur due to hormonal imbalance, blocked fallopian tubes, ovulation problems, or low sperm count in males.
• In women, disorders like PCOS, endometriosis, and aging may lead to infertility.
C. Decreased Cardiovascular Risk
• Cardiovascular diseases include heart attacks, stroke, and high blood pressure.
• Before menopause, estrogen offers a protective effect to women, reducing the risk of heart diseases.
• Therefore, premenopausal women have decreased cardiovascular risk compared to men of similar age.
• After menopause, the risk increases because estrogen levels decline.
D. Vasomotor Symptoms
• Vasomotor symptoms are common symptoms of menopause caused by instability in the body temperature regulation.
• They include hot flashes, night sweats, flushing, and sudden heat sensation in the face and body.
• These symptoms result from hormonal fluctuations, especially low estrogen levels.
I hope that you liked this article.
Thanks!! 🙏 😊
Writer: Vandita Singh, Lucknow (GS India Nursing Group)