What is the cause of inflammation of Bartholin glands:
A. Streptococcus
B. Gonococcus
C. Pseudomonas
D. Staphylococcus
Correct Answer: B. Gonococcus
Explanation
Inflammation of the Bartholin glands (Bartholinitis) is most commonly caused by infection due to blockage of the gland duct.
Common causative organisms:
- Neisseria gonorrhoeae (most common, sexually transmitted)
- Escherichia coli
- Staphylococcus species
- Streptococcus species
- Chlamydia trachomatis
- Anaerobic bacteria (mixed infection)
Mechanism:
- Obstruction of the Bartholin duct → accumulation of secretions
- Secondary bacterial infection → inflammation or abscess formation
Most common cause (exam answer):
👉 Gonococcal infection (Neisseria gonorrhoeae)
Other Options Details
Here is a clear description of each option:
A. Streptococcus
Streptococci are Gram-positive cocci arranged in chains. They commonly cause infections such as sore throat, puerperal sepsis, wound infections, and pelvic infections. In gynecology, Group A and Group B streptococci can cause endometritis and postpartum infections.
B. Gonococcus (Neisseria gonorrhoeae)
Gonococcus is a Gram-negative diplococcus shaped like coffee beans. It is a sexually transmitted pathogen and a major cause of gonorrhea, cervicitis, urethritis, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), and infertility if untreated.
C. Pseudomonas (Pseudomonas aeruginosa)
Pseudomonas is a Gram-negative, aerobic bacillus known for causing hospital-acquired (nosocomial) infections. It commonly infects burns, wounds, urinary tract, and surgical sites. It is resistant to many antibiotics.
D. Staphylococcus
Staphylococci are Gram-positive cocci arranged in clusters. Staphylococcus aureus commonly causes skin infections, abscesses, wound infections, and postoperative infections. It can also cause serious conditions like septicemia and toxic shock syndrome.
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Writer: Vandita Singh, Lucknow (GS India Nursing Group