In pregnancy, heart beating and GIT development status is foetus in which month-
A. First month
B. Third & Fourth month
C. Seventh month
D. Ninth month
Correct Answer: A. First month
Explanation
In pregnancy, when heart beating and GIT (gastro-intestinal tract) development are present, the stage is the fetal period, which begins in the 3rd month.
Correct answer: Third month
Explanation (month-wise):
First month (0–4 weeks)
- Heart tube forms, but effective heart beating is not well established
- GIT is only in primitive gut tube stage
- Embryonic period
Second month (5–8 weeks)
- Heart starts beating (around 4th week)
- GIT begins differentiation
- Still considered embryo, not fetus
Third month (9–12 weeks) ✅
- Embryo is now called a fetus
- Heart is actively beating and pumping blood
- GIT is well developed with organ differentiation
- Swallowing movements may begin
After third month
- Mainly growth and functional maturation of organs
Summary:
When both heart beating and GIT development are clearly present, the pregnancy is in the 3rd month, and the baby is called a fetus.
Other Options Details
Below is an explanation of all the given options, commonly asked in embryology/obstetrics MCQs related to onset of fetal urine formation:
A. First month
During the first month of pregnancy, organ systems are only beginning to form. The primitive kidneys (pronephros) appear briefly but are non-functional. There is no urine formation at this stage.
B. Third & Fourth month ✅ (Correct concept)
By the end of the third month (around 10–12 weeks), the metanephros (permanent kidneys) become functional.
- Urine formation begins at the end of the first trimester
- It continues throughout fetal life
- Fetal urine becomes the major contributor to amniotic fluid
C. Seventh month
In the seventh month, kidneys are fully functional, but urine production does not begin here. Instead:
- Urine output increases
- Helps maintain adequate amniotic fluid volume This stage represents maturation, not initiation.
D. Ninth month
By the ninth month, the kidneys are mature enough to function independently after birth.
- Urine formation has been ongoing for months
- This stage prepares the fetus for postnatal renal function
Summary
✔ Urine formation usually begins toward the end of the third month and continues throughout fetal life.
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Writer: Vandita Singh, Lucknow (GS India Nursing Group