The onset of menstruation is called:
A. Ovarian cycle
B. Andropause
C. Menopause
D. Menarche
Correct Answer: D. Menarche
The onset of menstruation is called menarche.
Explanation:
• Menarche is the first menstrual period in a female, marking the beginning of reproductive capability.
• It usually occurs between ages 11–15, though timing can vary depending on genetics, nutrition, and health.
• After menarche, regular menstrual cycles may take some time to establish.
Do you want me to also explain the stages of menstrual cycles that follow menarche?
Other Options Details
Here is the explanation of each option:
A. Ovarian Cycle
• The ovarian cycle refers to the series of changes that occur in the ovaries of a female during each menstrual cycle.
• It includes the development of ovarian follicles, ovulation, and formation of the corpus luteum.
• The main phases are:
1. Follicular Phase
2. Ovulation
3. Luteal Phase
Controlled by hormones: FSH, LH, estrogen, and progesterone.
B. Andropause
• Andropause is a condition in aging men, somewhat similar to menopause in women.
• It involves a gradual decrease in testosterone levels.
• Common symptoms include fatigue, decreased libido, mood changes, and reduced muscle mass.
• Usually occurs around 50–55 years of age, but changes are gradual over time.
C. Menopause
• Menopause is the permanent cessation of menstruation in women.
• It occurs when the ovaries stop releasing eggs and producing hormones like estrogen and progesterone.
• Diagnosed after 12 consecutive months without a menstrual period.
• Common symptoms: hot flashes, night sweats, mood swings, vaginal dryness.
• Average age: 45–55 years.
D. Menarche
• Menarche is the first menstrual period in a girl’s life.
• Marks the onset of reproductive age.
• Usually occurs between 10–14 years.
• Indicates the beginning of the functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis.
Summary Table
Term Meaning Age / Characteristics
Ovarian Cycle Monthly changes in ovaries Follicular → Ovulation → Luteal
Andropause Male hormone decline ~50–55 yrs, gradual
Menopause End of menstruation 45–55 yrs, permanent
Menarche First menstruation 10–14 yrs
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Writer: Vandita Singh, Lucknow (GS India Nursing Group)