The phenomenon of Mittlelschmerz indicates:
A. Implantation
B. Menstruation
C. Ovulation
D. Fertilization
Correct Answer: C. Ovulation
The phenomenon of Mittelschmerz indicates: Ovulation
Explanation
Mittelschmerz is a German term meaning “middle pain.”
It refers to a brief, mid-cycle lower abdominal pain that occurs in some women around the time of ovulation, usually 14 days before the next menstrual period.
What causes it?
• When the ovarian follicle ruptures to release the mature egg,
• A small amount of fluid or blood may irritate the peritoneum,
• Causing sharp or cramping pain on one side of the lower abdomen.
Clinical significance
• It is a normal physiological sign
• Helps indicate fertile period, useful for natural family planning
Therefore:
• Mittelschmerz indicates Ovulation.
Other Options Details:-
Here is the description of all the options clearly:
A. Implantation
Implantation is the process by which the fertilized egg (zygote) attaches itself to the lining of the uterus (endometrium).
It usually occurs 6–10 days after fertilization.
This process allows the developing embryo to receive nutrients and oxygen from the mother to grow.
B. Menstruation
Menstruation is the monthly shedding of the uterine lining (endometrium) when pregnancy does not occur.
It results in bleeding through the vagina and typically lasts 3–7 days.
This marks the beginning of the menstrual cycle.
C. Ovulation
Ovulation is the release of a mature egg from the ovary.
It usually occurs in the middle of the menstrual cycle — about 14 days before the next period.
This is the most fertile period, and the egg survives for about 24 hours if not fertilized.
D. Fertilization
Fertilization is the union of a sperm (male gamete) and an egg (female gamete) to form a zygote.
It usually occurs in the ampulla of the fallopian tube.
If successful, it leads to the beginning of pregnancy.
Summary
Option Description
Implantation Attachment of the embryo to uterine wall
Menstruation Shedding of uterine lining when no pregnancy
Ovulation Release of egg from ovary
Fertilization Fusion of sperm and ovum
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Writer: Vandita Singh, Lucknow (GS India Nursing Group)