pH of vagina during pregnancy:
A. acidic
B. basic
C. neutral
D. sometimes acidic & sometime basic
Correct Answer: A. acidic
Explanation: The pH of the vagina during pregnancy typically ranges from 3.8 to 4.5, which is slightly higher (less acidic) than the normal non-pregnant range of about 3.5 to 4.5 (usually around 4.0–4.2).
Key points about vaginal pH in pregnancy:
• Early pregnancy: pH often remains in the normal acidic range (≤4.5).
• As pregnancy progresses (especially 2nd and 3rd trimesters): pH tends to rise slightly, commonly reaching 4.0–5.0 or even up to 5.5 in some women.
• This shift is normal and caused by:
• Increased estrogen and progesterone
• Higher glycogen content in vaginal cells → more lactic acid production by lactobacilli, but also more cervical mucus and vaginal discharge
– Reduced dominance of lactobacilli in some women
Why it matters:
• A higher pH during pregnancy increases the risk of:
• Bacterial vaginosis (BV) — most common when pH >4.5
• Yeast infections (though yeast can occur at normal pH too)
• Preterm birth risk (especially with BV and elevated pH)
• Summary:
Normal vaginal pH during pregnancy: 3.8–5.0 (most commonly 4.0–4.5)
Slightly less acidic than non-pregnant state → normal physiological change
pH >4.5 → increased risk of infections, especially BV
If a pregnant woman has symptoms (abnormal discharge, odor, itching), a pH test is often part of the evaluation.
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Writer: Vandita Singh, Lucknow (GS India Nursing Group)